The remaining part of bengal was further reduced by surrendering some of its parts to the central province. The partition took effect in october 1905 and separated the largely muslim eastern areas from the largely hindu western areas. Why the hindu oppose the partition of bengal between 1905 and 1911. On 20 july 1905, curzon issued an order dividing bengal into eastern bengal and assam with a population of 31 million, and the rest of bengal with a population of 54 million comprising 18. Partition of bengal 1905 and its annulment in 1911 the decision to effect the partition of bengal was announced in july 1905 by the viceroy of india, lord curzon. Lord curzon ordered the partition of bengal in 1905. Whereas previous studies of the end of british rule in india have concentrated on the negotiations of the transfer of power at the allindia level or have considered the emergence of separatist politics amongst indias muslim minorities, this study provides a reevaluation of the history of bengal focusing on the political and social processes that led to the demand for. View partition of bengal research papers on academia.
Partition of bengal, 1905 effected on 16 october during the viceroyalty of lord curzon 18991905, proved to be a momentous event in the history of modern bengal. The conditions for the emergence of militant nationalism had developed when in 1905 the partition of bengal was announced. It was said that the existing province of bengal was too big to be. While the partition split the province between west bengal, in which the majority was hindu, and the east, where the majority was muslim, the 1905 partition left considerable minorities of hindus in east bengal and muslims in. Partition of bengal, 1905, division of bengal carried out by the british viceroy in india, lord curzon, despite strong indian nationalist opposition. Partition of bengal during the period of lord curzon. It was said that the existing province of bengal was too big to be efficiently administered by a. What was the reason behind the partition of bengal 1905. The partition of bengal was thus calculated to restore efficiency in the government and administration on one hand and encouraged local initiatives for progress and development on the other. Partition of bengal, 1905, division of bengal carried out by the british viceroy in india, lord curzon, despite strong indian nationalist. Saga of bengal partition international journal of advanced.
Lord curzon announced the partition of bengal on 16 october 1905. Form british perspective it was done to curb growing revolutionary activity in calcutta. Partition of bengal 1905 and its annulment in 1911 bengal, bihar and orissa had formed a single province under british india since 1765. Myriad kingdoms and principalities of ancient eastern india had been always changing in their extent and influences until a transbengal political unity was achieved by the husain shahi rulers under the imperial banner of shahi bangala. Bengal, which included bihar and orissa since 1765, was admittedly much too large for a single province of british india. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. On july 20th 1905, the first partition of bengal along religious lines was approved in london by the secretary of state of india. Proposal and act of partition the government officially published the idea of partition in bengal in january 1904, justifying the move on administrative grounds. Bengal was as large as france but with a significantly larger population. The idea of partitioning bengal did not originate with curzon. Introduction the decision to effect the partition of bengal was announced in july 1905 by the viceroy of india, lord curzon. The partition of bengal 1905 lord curzon, the new viceroy on 30 december 1989, lord curzon took over as the new viceroy of india. Partition of bengal has generated a great deal of debate on the question of motive. The partition of bengal made by lord curzon in 1905 lasted.
The partition of bengal made by lord curzon in 1905 lasted until the 1929 session of indian national congress is of significance in the history of the freedom movement because the with reference to the famous sattriya dance, consider the following statements. After lord curzon took charge as governor general of india. By splitting the province, an improved administration could be established. The partition of bengal 1905 from pages of history.
Even today for a close look at the problems of the socalled communal discrimin ation in india, a more recent account of the term as interpreted in recent times, is significant. After the british crushed the sepoy rebellion of 1875, they dissolved the east india company and took direct control of the province. Bengal was biggest provice in india with an area of 1,89,000 sq. In the first decade of the twentieth century, the partition of bengal started to create the strong national movement of the extremists in india. In 1905 the decision of the partition of bengal and creation of a new province eastern bengal and assam by lord curzon was an epochmaking step of the british government. One of the most unpopular and terrible measure of the british. The event also brought out an unprecedented awakening in the muslim.
There should be some mention of the swadeshi movement since it was triggered by the partition of bengal. It also gives an account of the intense nationalist. Three months after the viceroy of british india, lord curzon, announced his decision to split bengal in 1905, the partition came into force, effectively dividing the province on religious lines. Why did the people of west bengal oppose the partition of. The bengal partition,background,partition,political crisis. It began a transformation of the indian national congress from a middleclass pressure group into a nationwide mass movement. On 20 july 1905, lord curzon issued an order dividing the province of bengal into two parts i. In 1905, bengal was divided into three provinces, and the official reason provided by the british raj was that the bengal presidency was too big to rule properly. Short essay on the partition of bengal and swadeshi movement. In this year the song crossed the boundaries of bengal, spread like a jungle fire throughout the nation which would oust the british rule. The partition of bengal in 1905 was made on october 16 by viceroy curzon. Partition of bengal, 1905 effected on 16 october during the viceroyalty of lord curzon 1899 1905, proved to be a momentous event in the history of modern bengal.
Two bengal partition and aftermath madhubanti banerjee graduate student, m. Apr 22, 2015 outside of the state of west bengal, the first partition of bengal in 1905 is today a largely forgotten chapter in indian history. Curzon announced the partition on the pretext of administrative convenience as he considered the existing province of bengal too big and unwieldy to be effectively administered. What were the causes and effects of the partition of bengal. Curzon came to india 18991905 with a strong determination to curtail the rising tide of nationalism. Introduction the decision to effect the partition of bengal was announced in. Curzon decided the eastern region was neglected and undergoverned.
At the time of partition, total area of bengal was. Bengal at that time was the most educated and prosperous province of india. Why was bengal of british india partitioned in 1905. Lord curzon was the viceroy of india from 1899 to 1905. The mohammedan literary society brought out a manifesto in 1905 signed by seven leading muslim personalities. This unit attempts to place before you the factors which prompted the british to partition. In 1874, assam, sylhet, cachar and goalpara were separated from bengal. Eastern bengal and assam with a population of 31 million and the rest of bengal with a population of 54 million, of whom 18 million were bengalis and 36. Three years later, the principle of separate electorates was conceded, whereby a proportion of seats in the. The partition of bengal was enforced in 1905 by viceroy lord curzon for administration purposes. Jun 06, 2002 whereas previous studies of the end of british rule in india have concentrated on the negotiations of the transfer of power at the allindia level or have considered the emergence of separatist politics amongst indias muslim minorities, this study provides a reevaluation of the history of bengal focusing on the political and social processes that led to the demand for partition in bengal and. And, making congress weaker which was demanding more political representation. In july 1905, the government had shown intention of dividing bengal. Swadeshi movement was one of the most momentous events in indian freedom struggle in history of india.
Its eastern part was conceded to assam province to form a new eastern bengal and assam province. Due to the high level of political unrest generated by the partition, the eastern and western parts of bengal were reunited in 1911. Partition of bengal 1905 important mcqs of pakistan. Western bengal, with a population of 54 million, of which 42 million. Nov 20, 2009 partition of bengal 1905 slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. The partition of the bengal province came into effect during his viceroyalty on 16 th october 1905. In the same year 1905 in the month of july the government decision to partition bengal was announced. Contribution of gopal krishna gokhale post partition of bengal 1905 has been immense as he played crucial role in cooperation and mutual existence of hindus and muslims. Need for partition unofficail reason curb the uprising of the rising power of bengal muslim would welcome this action divide the unity of muslim and hindu oficial reason it was to big province consited of bihar, orisa and bengal mention population with area of bengal it was administratively starved it had less police stations. The line drawn by lord curzons government, however, cut through the. The partition of bengal made by lord curzon in 1905. The first partition of bengal was proposed in the year 1905 by the then viceroy of india, lord curzon. Partition of bengal, 1905 affected on 16 october during the viceroyalty of lord curzon 18991905.
In 1906 the muslim league was formed as a party independent of the indian national congress. Jan 27, 2018 cbse and icse students maths, science, sst, computer and other all subjective knowledge at one place so just subscribe it and share it to all educational group. Contribution of gopal krishna gokhale post partition of. The partition separated the largely muslim eastern areas from the largely hindu western areas on 16 october 1905 after being announced on 19 july 1905 by the.
The partition took place in 16 october 1905 and separated the largely muslim eastern areas from the largely hindu western areas. Indians were outraged at what they recognised as a divide and rule policy, where the colonisers turned the native population. While the partition split the province between west bengal, in which the majority was hindu, and the east, where the majority was muslim, the 1905 partition left considerable minorities of hindus in east bengal and muslims in west bengal. The british recognized that bengal, with some 85 million people, was much too large for a single province and determined that it merited reorganization and intelligent division. Partition of bengal in 1905 during the british rule in india is structured by lord curzon, the viceroy of india. On 7 august 1905, the huge meeting was organized in the town hall in calcutta.
It was comprising of bengal, behar and orissa and was under the central of one lieutenant governor. Partition of bengal 1905 facts and general knowledge partition of bengal 1905 is also known as banga vanga andolon in india. Jun 17, 2015 partition of bengal 1905 followings are some important points to remember about partition of bengal which are often repeated in different exams in shape of mcqs. Partition of bengal 1905 history of the partition of bengal under british rule, 1905 to 1911. Download partition of bengal 1905 notes pdf from the link given below.
The history textbooks i studied in school contained no more than a passing reference to it, which is a shame given the significance of that chapter in the context of indias struggle for independence. The size of the state was mentioned as the reason of partition but the real motive behind the partition was the british policy of dividing hindus and muslims east bengal had a majority of muslims, while west bengal had a majority of hindu. The partition of bengal 1905 study material exams daily. Around 1905, bengal had become the nerve centre of the indian nationalism. On 16 october 1905 bengal province was redistributed by the viceroy lord curzon, apparently for administrative efficiency. Jun 28, 2018 east bengal, which was a part of pakistan until 1972, is currently the peoples republic of bangladesh. Partition of bengal ias abhiyan ii ias upsc exam preparation. In 1911, fortunately for the bengalis, the british raj was forced to withdraw the first. Lawful methods moderate and liberal hindus protested through constitutional methods, passed resolutions, sent petitions to the government and to the secretary of state, wrote in print media, met with english politicians in england and conveyed them indian grievances. The dicision to split bengal came in july and by october 16, 1905, bengal had been divided into piston bengal and assam with a population of 31 million and the rest of bengal with a population of the 4 million of who 18 million were bengalis, a.
This brought a mass agitation in bengal and through out india. Proved to be a momentous event in the history of modern bengal. Eastern bengal and assam one part and the rest of bengal the other part. Modern indian history partition of bengal tutorialspoint.
The real reason that led to the partition of bengal was the british attempt to weaken the indian nationalism. The decision to partition bengal in 1905 sage journals. The decision to effect the partition of bengal was announced in july 1905 by the viceroy of india, lord curzon. In 1905, the first partition in bengal was implemented as an administrative preference, making governing the two provinces, west and east bengal, easier. Eastern bengal and assam with a population of 31 million and the rest of bengal with a population of 54 million, of whom 18 million were bengalis and 36 million were biharis. British control extended from eastern bengal across the entire ganges. The year 1905 was memorable to vande mataram in many ways. Lord curzon partitioned bengal and formed two new provinces of manageable size east and west bengal.
No sooner than the partition of bengal was declared, thousands of angry bharatiyas protested the decision in a unanimous voice. Western bengal, with a population of 54 million, of which 42 million would be hindus and 9 million muslims with calcutta as the capital. So in 1905, the british decided to redraw bengals boundaries and divided it into two parts. The partition of bengal was duly affected on 16 october 1905. The presidency of bengal was the most populous province. Lord curzon announced the partition of bengal on 20th july, 1905 into two parts, eastern bengal and assam with a population of 31 millions and the rest of bengal including western bengal, bihar and orissa with a population of 54 millions. The new province of east bengal happened to be a muslim majority province, which the hindus and congress strongly resented. The decision on the partition of bengal was announced on 19 july 1905 by then viceroy of india, lord curzon. On 20 july 1905, lord curzon announced the partition of bengal into two parts. The decision to partition the state of bengal was announced by. Oct 18, 2007 partition of bengal, 1905 effected on 16 october during the viceroyalty of lord curzon 1899 1905, proved to be a momentous event in the history of modern bengal.
Now he secretly began to plan for the partition of bengal. Indian government was the partition of bengal in 1905. Partition of bengal 1905 followings are some important points to remember about partition of bengal which are often repeated in different exams in shape of mcqs. Partition of bengal, 1905 affected on 16 october during the viceroyalty of lord curzon 1899 1905. Aug 06, 2015 partition of bengal 1905 and its annulment in 1911 bengal, bihar and orissa had formed a single province under british india since 1765. Cbse and icse students maths, science, sst, computer and other all subjective knowledge at one place so just subscribe it and share it to all educational group.
It also gives an account of the intense nationalist reaction the move evoked and spells out the changes swadeshi movement brought about in. Reaction and growth of sectarianism the partition movement was strongly opposed from the beginning by the bengali hindu middleclass, who felt it was a deliberate blow by the british against the solidarity of the bengalispeaking population. Outside of the state of west bengal, the first partition of bengal in 1905 is today a largely forgotten chapter in indian history. This article talks about the partition of bengal, 1905 and the causes, effects and outcomes of the partition. Partition of bengal 1905 introduction the proposal of bengal partition was given by lord chales 1853, lord dalhousie 1854 and sir george campbell 1872. Bengal united was a threat to the british rule in india, thus they partitioned it. The manifesto was circulated to the different muslim societies of both west and east bengal and urged the muslims to give their unqualified support to the partition measure. How did hindus oppose the partition of bengal between 1905 and 1911. Introduction background reasons for partition political crises anti partition movement spread of the movement reaction of the british government reunification and aftermath significance of the movement strength to the national movement. Partition of bengal 1905 important mcqs of pakistan study. What were the causes and effects of the partition of.
Partition of bengal, 1947 latest major change in the political geography of bengal. The bengali patriots carrying flags of united bengal and slogans of unity is strength marched through the streets of calcutta and they reached town hall. Partition of bengal essay example for free newyorkessays database with more than 65000 college essays for studying. The first partition of bengal in 1905 brought that province to the brink of open rebellion. The history textbooks i studied in school contained no more than a passing reference to it, which is a shame given the significance of that chapter in the context of indias struggle.